Chan S, Pascoe EM, Clayton PA, et al. - Via a registry-based retrospective, longitudinal cohort study of 12,519 patients, recipients of a first kidney transplant in Australia and New Zealand between 1997 and 2015, researchers assessed the incidence of infectious-associated mortality and related factors. During the study period, the incidence of infection-related mortality was 45.8 per 10,000 patient-years. The incidence of infection-related mortality decreased from 53.1 per 10,000 person-years in 1997–2000 to 43.9 per 10,000 person-years in 2011–2015. Kidney transplant recipients had a significantly greater risk of infectious-related death, in comparison with the age-matched general population. Infectious mortality was related to elderly age, female gender, earlier transplant era, and use of T cell–depleting therapy. Live donor transplantation was correlated to a lower risk of infection-related mortality. Therefore, in kidney transplant recipients, significantly higher infection-related mortality was noted in comparison with the general population, though it has decreased over time. Risk factors include older age, female gender, Indigenous ethnicity, T cell–depleting therapy, and reduced donor transplantation.