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Incidence of meningococcal disease before and after implementation of quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in the United States

JAMA Jul 24, 2020

Mbaeyi S, Pondo T, Blain A, et al. - Given that the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended routine quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY) vaccine for all adolescents aged 11 to 12 years in 2005, and in 2010, a booster dose for adolescents aged 16 years, researchers conducted this cohort study to explore the connection between MenACWY vaccination and the incidence of meningococcal disease in US adolescents. During the prevaccine period (2000-2005), the national incidence of meningococcal disease declined from 0.61 cases per 100,000 population to 0.15 cases per 100,000 population during the post–booster dose period (2011-2017). The greatest percentage decline was noted for serogroup C, W, and Y combined (CWY) among adolescents aged 11 to 15 years and 16 to 22 years in the post-immunization period. The rates of decline in the incidence of meningococcal disease due to serogroup C, W, or Y accelerated nearly 2-fold to 3-fold in vaccinated adolescent age groups after the introduction of a primary and booster MenACWY dose. Although the MenACWY vaccine alone cannot explain the decline of meningococcal disease in the US, such findings indicate that MenACWY vaccination is linked to diminished disease rates in adolescents.

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