Coates A, et al. - This study was performed in a cohort of highly trained runners and triathletes to elucidate the incidence of iron deficiency (ID), and iron deficient anemia (IDA) and the association of oral iron supplementation history with serum ferritin (sFe) and hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations. ID and IDA posed a significant threat to the health and performance of both male and female elite runners and triathletes, even with monitoring and treatment in place. Also, no correlation was observed between iron intake and sFe or Hb.