Khanna RC, Marmamula S, Pendri P, et al. - In this population based cohort study, researchers reported 15 year incidence rate of visual loss (blindness and visual impairment (VI)), causes and risk factors for participants in Andhra Pradesh Eye Disease Study III (APEDS III). All rural candidates were interviewed from 2012-16 and underwent a comprehensive eye examination, including, dilated examination and imaging. Using a standard logarithm chart at 3 meters, presenting visual acuity (PVA) and best-corrected visual acuity was measured. In APEDS I, 7,771 rural candidates were examined using stratified, random cluster systematic sampling and in APEDS III, 5,395 were re-examined. Using WHO categories, increasing age, female, illiterate, past or current smoker and current use of alcohol were significant independent risk factors for the incident visual loss. The high incidence is likely to represent inadequate access to eye care in this population that needs to be taken into account when planning eye care programs.