Concannon A, et al. - A chart review was done of all children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) recognized by Auckland pediatric and rheumatology services between the years 2000 and 2015 by the researchers in order to define the incidence, demographics, diagnostic clinical indications, and severity of JIA in Maori and Pacific Island children in comparison with European children. The overall incidence in a New Zealand cohort of children with JIA was 5.1/100,000 children per year, which was significantly greater among European children vs all other ethnic groups. In 36% of children with JIA, poor prognostic characteristics at diagnosis were noted with significantly more Maori and Pacific Island children presenting with poor prognostic characteristics as that of European children. Significantly weaker prognostic characteristics were noted in Maori and Pacific Island children per child correlated with JIA and in oligoarticular and polyarticular JIA, which was independent of socioeconomic status. Important characteristics involved cervical involvement, erosive changes, joint space narrowing, and positive rheumatoid factor polyarticular disease. In conclusion, Maori and Pacific Island children were more prone to manifest with poor prognostic characteristics at diagnosis, however, the incidence of JIA was exhibited to be significantly greater among European children in comparison with all ethnic groups.