Andronesi AG, et al. - Because acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication following allogeneic stem cell transplantation, researchers assessed AKI incidence, severity, and risk factors within the first 30 days after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) for multiple myeloma (MM). One hundred eighty-five consecutive patients with MM, without chronic renal replacement therapy, who had ASCT were prospectively followed; 12.5% of patients had MM-associated amyloidosis. AKI development was not associated with reduced overall survival and kidney function recovery was evident in 68.4% of patients at three months. In Cox regression analysis, independent risk factors for AKI were preexisting–chronic kidney disease, serum beta2 microglobulin, and mucositis grade 3/4. After ASCT for MM, AKI occurs with low incidence and reduced severity. In patients with pre-existing kidney failure, prophylactic measures may further reduce this risk.