Hooda B, et al. - Two hundred and eighty-eight patients between the age of 18 and 65 years, who underwent elective surgery for posterior fossa tumors over a period of two years were assessed by the experts in order to determine the incidence and predictors of postoperative pulmonary complications (POPCs, a clinically relevant and identifiable pulmonary alteration that adversely affects patient outcome postoperatively) in such patients. Comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypothyroidism, history of smoking, obstructive sleep apnea, respiratory symptoms, lower cranial nerve palsy {LCN}), intraoperative complications (hemodynamic alterations suggestive of the brain stem or cranial nerve handling, the tight brain as informed by the operating neurosurgeon, blood loss, and transfusion) and postoperative duration of mechanical ventilation, tracheostomy, POPCs, length of ICU and hospital stay, general condition of the patient at discharge, and cause of in-hospital mortality were taken into account. Thirty-five patients were recognized with POPCs. Independent predictors of POPC were postoperative blood transfusion, LCN palsy, prolonged ICU stay, and tracheostomy. Hence, after the infratentorial tumor surgery, the incidence of POPC was observed as 12.1%.