Peyrani P, Arnold FW, Bordon J, et al. – Via secondary data analysis of the University of Louisville Pneumonia study, researchers described the incidence and outcomes for each clinical course of hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). During the first week of the hospitalization, objective criteria were used to define improvement and failure. During the study period, nearly 7,450 individuals were hospitalized with CAP. Improvement was noted in 77% of the patients, failure in 20%, and non-resolving CAP in 3%. Mortality at 30-days was 6% for those who improved, 34% for those who failed, and 34% for those with non-resolving pneumonia. Mortality at 1-year was 23%, 52% and 51%, respectively. Overall, more than 75% of hospitalized patients with CAP will reach clinical improvement, according to the study findings. However, one out of two patients with clinical failure or non-resolving CAP may die 1 year following hospitalization. The researchers underscored the importance of understanding the pathogenesis of long-term mortality in developing interventions.