Heilbroner SP, et al. - Researchers used the SEER-Medicare database to assess the link between estrogen monotherapy (EM) and cancer-specific and overall survival in women aged ≥ 65 years with stage III or IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). They used Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox modeling with propensity score adjustments to determine the aforementioned survival rates. The initial cohort included 6,958 women, with EM used in 283 (4%). In the EM group and in the non-EM group included in the 1:4 propensity-matched cohort, the respective median follow-up was 46.5 and 50.6; respective median overall survival was 8.0 months and 6.4 months. Overall, a significant improvement in cancer-specific survival and overall survival was observed in relation to EM in women with late stage NSCLC.