Haataja P, Korhonen P, Ojala R, et al. - This study was undertaken to determine if the incidence and risk factors of admission for lower respiratory tract infections by seven years of age differ after early- (37⁺⁰-38⁺⁶ weeks), full- (39⁺⁰-40⁺⁶ weeks), late- (41⁺⁰-41⁺⁶ weeks), and post-term (≥ 42 weeks) birth. The register study involved 948,695 infants born in Finland in the period 1991-2008. Data reported that hospital admission rates in the early-, full-, late-, and post-term groups were 6.7%, 5.5%, 5.1%, and 4.8% for bronchiolitis/bronchitis, and 2.8%, 2.4%, 2.3%, and 2.3% for pneumonia. Early-term birth was correlated with a higher risk of all lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) admissions whereas late-term and post-term births were related to lower risk of bronchiolitis/bronchitis admission. Smoking during pregnancy, birth by elective caesarean delivery, neonatal ventilator support, and antibiotic therapy were modifiable risk factors of LRTIs.