Mangano KM, et al. – Non-Hispanic white individuals have shown improved bone mineral density (BMD) in association with the intake of dairy foods in contrast to Puerto Rican adults who have a higher prevalence of osteoporosis and vitamin D deficiency. Yet, there exist limited data on the lifestyle influences on bone in this population. Thus, researchers performed this cross-sectional analysis to assess associations of dairy intakes with BMD among 904 adults from the Boston Puerto Rican Osteoporosis Study with and without adequate serum vitamin D status via general linear models. They calculated dairy food groups (total dairy, modified dairy [without cream or dairy desserts], fluid dairy [milk and yogurt], cheese, yogurt, and cream and desserts) as well as BMD (grams per centimeter squared). The study participants comprised 73% women, with 87% being postmenopausal. In insufficient individuals and sufficient individuals, the mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (range: 4–48 ng/mL) was 14.3 ± 3.6 ng/mL and 26.0 ± 5.5 ng/mL, respectively. Among adults, higher BMD was detected in association with dairy food intakes; this link was especially evident among those with sufficient vitamin D status.