Torres L, et al. - Researchers evaluated serum levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in 204 ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients vs 80 healthy controls, and their correlations with disease activity, osteoproliferation, and bone mineral density (BMD). In male AS patients, they found increased levels of serum HGF, suggested to be correlated with higher modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spine Score and lower BMD. Moreover, a positive association of serum HGF with risk factors for osteoproliferation (age, CRP, and smoking) was seen. For bone metabolism in AS, HGF could be a potential, vital biomarker.