Hatooka M, et al. - Researchers evaluated survival among prospectively enrolled patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) or HAIC converted to sorafenib. HAIC was chosen as second course if they had complete response, partial response, or stable disease (SD) with an alpha fetoprotein ratio < 1 or a des-γ-carboxy prothrombin (DCP) ratio < 1. If they had SD with an AFP ratio > 1 and a DCP ratio > 1 or disease progression, they were switched to sorafenib. They reported the 1-year and 2-year survival rates of 64.0 and 48.3%, respectively. One (1.8%) patient had complete response, 13 (23.6%) had partial response, 30 (54.5%) had SD, and 10 (18.1%) patients had progressive disease after the first course of HAIC. The treatment of patients with advanced HCC with HAIC as first-line therapy was found to provide favorable outcomes, and this protocol (HAIC as the first-line therapy and sorafenib as the second-line therapy for patients refractory to HAIC) should be taken into account for patients with advanced HCC.