Rodríguez MA, et al. - In this cross-sectional case-control study, researchers assessed memory function in middle-aged people with obesity in relation to glucose metabolism and brain iron content. The study sample consisted of 121 participants stratified according to sex and menopausal status. Euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, magnetic resonance relaxometry (R2*), and California Verbal Learning Test were used to assess insulin sensitivity, body composition, brain iron content, and memory function, respectively. In some California Verbal Learning Tests, obese women, but not men, had lower scores in association with metabolic parameters and increased the content of brain iron vs controls. Memory scores were negatively associated with fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and R2*, while insulin sensitivity showed positive associations. Remarkably, after controlling for age, sex, education, and BMI, only HbA1c and R2* levels in the right inferior fronto-orbital region remained significant. Overall, the investigators concluded that impairments in memory function in obese middle-aged women were associated independently of insulin sensitivity with HbA1c levels and brain iron content. These outcomes in women with obesity may have implications in the design of therapeutic strategies.