Antlanger M, Noordzij M, van de Luijtgaarden M, et al. - Given that kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is received by more men than women despite a larger number of women being attacked by CKD, researchers investigated if there might be historic and geographic trends in gender-specific incidence and prevalence of different KRT modalities, via this multinational European study. For this purpose, they utilized data from 230,378 patients undergoing KRT (38% women) in nine countries reporting to the European Renal Association–European Dialysis and Transplant Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry for at least 40 years, from 1965 to 2015. They found that fewer women than men have reported receiving KRT since the commencement of KRT programs reporting to the ERA-EDTA Registry since the 1960s. From 1965–1974 to 2005–2015, a rise in the incidence of KRT from 8 per million population (pmp) to 98 pmp, respectively, has been reported in women, whereas it increased from 12 to 173 pmp in men. Over the last five decades and in all examined countries, the observed relative difference between men and women starting and undergoing KRT has continued to be consistent.