Freidin MB, Tsepilov YA, Stanaway IB, et al. - Researchers conducted a gender- and age-stratified genome-wide association study and a single nucleotide polymorphism-by-gender interaction analysis for chronic back pain (cBP) defined as “back pain for 3+ months” in 202,077 males and 237,754 females of European ancestry from UK Biobank. They distinguished two and seven nonoverlapping genome-wide significant loci for males and females, respectively. The outcomes revealed that in the UK Biobank, the genetic component of CBP shows a mild gender- and age-dependency. A male-specific locus on chromosome 10 near SPOCK2 gene was replicated in 4 independent cohorts. Single nucleotide polymorphism-explained heritability was higher in females. Genetic correlation between the sexes for cBP decreased with age. There was a stronger genetic correlation of cBP with self-reported diagnosis of intervertebral disk degeneration in males than in females. The results give an insight into the possible causes of gender- and age-specificity in epidemiology and pathophysiology of CBP and chronic pain at other anatomical sites.