Aaron KJ, Brill I, Causey-Pruitt Z, et al. - Between 2014 and 2018, more than doubled rates of syphilis have been noted among women in the USA. Researchers here investigated women enrolled in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS) for correlates of syphilis. In this retrospective cross-sectional analysis, they included secondary data of 3,692 women enrolled during early years (1994–2002) and 1,182 women enrolled during recent (2011–2015) years. These cohorts had syphilis prevalence of 7.5% and 3.7%, respectively, at enrollment. In adjusted models for the early cohort, the following factors were noted to be linked associated with syphilis: age, black race, low income, hepatitis C seropositivity, drug use, HIV infection and > 100 lifetime sex partners. In the recent cohort, infection was noted to be correlated with age, hepatitis C seropositivity and problem alcohol use. Findings overall emphasize the relevance of syphilis screening in women with HIV and at-risk of HIV. Women with hepatitis C and problem alcohol use should be targeted in prevention efforts.