Kheir MM, Dilley JE, Ziemba-Davis M, et al. - This study was undertaken to investigate if extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the one-year infection rate in high-risk patients. Between 2011 and 2019, researchers conducted a total of 3,855 consecutive primary total hip arthroplasties (THA) and total knee arthroplasties (TKA) at a suburban academic hospital with modern perioperative and infection-prevention protocols were retrospectively reviewed. They performed univariate and logistic regression analyses, with P ≤ .05 denoting statistical significance. This study’s findings revealed that the extended postoperative oral antibiotic prophylaxis for 7 days led to a statistically significant and clinically meaningful reduction in 1-year infection rates of patients at high risk for infection. It has been reported that the PJI rate in high-risk patients who received antibiotics was less than the rate seen in low-risk patients. It has been considered that extended oral antibiotic prophylaxis may be a simple measure to effectively counteract poor host factors. Furthermore, the data of this study may mitigate the incentive to select healthier patients in outcome-based reimbursement models. Future research with a multicenter randomized control trial is required to further validate this protocol.