Dinelly KMO, Vitor-Silva S, Brito-Sousa JD, et al. - Researchers investigated the effect of daily treatment with chloroquine and primaquine (PQ) supervised by health workers vs prescription without supervision on recurrences of vivax malaria in a municipality in the Brazilian Amazon. The passive identification of new positive thick blood smears up to 180 days, based on the official data records from the National Malaria Control Programme, defined the outcome. Risk of recurrence up to day 180 was noted to be lower among patients under supervised treatment vs the unsupervised treatment (17.9% vs. 36.1%). Findings suggest treatment supervision as an additional valuable tool for the elimination of vivax malaria in this scenario.