Gunay BO, et al. - In this retrospective study involving 37 patients (40 eyes), researchers sought to assess long term macular changes following pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with an internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for diabetic macular edema (DME). Best-corrected visual acuity, central macular thickness and 5-mm macular volume (5-MV) were analyzed preoperatively and at postoperative 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 6th, 12th, 24th months and final visits. Although PPV with ILM peeling had efficacy in the management of DME, this effect tends to decrease over time so that a considerable number of patients needed additional treatment.