Chang AY, et al. - In order to assess whether providing equitable access is enough to ensure health equity, researchers developed a model to determine the distribution of childhood disease cases and deaths across socioeconomic groups, and the potential benefits of three vaccine programs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Three major childhood vaccine-preventable diseases – measles, pneumonia, and diarrhea- were selected as they represented 23% of deaths as of 2015 (1%, 13%, and 9%, respectively) occurring among under-five children in LMICs, and have well-established sets of risk and prognostic factors. They noted that country-specific context, including how the baseline risks, immunization coverage, and treatment utilization are currently distributed across quintiles, affects how different policies translate into changes in cases and deaths distribution. Merely ensuring equal access to vaccines thus seemed insufficient to reduce the health outcomes gap across wealth quintiles.