Mavrakanas TA, et al. – Researchers aimed to illustrate epidemiology and natural history of the cardiorenal syndromes in a cohort with echocardiography. Data depicted a development of an acute syndrome in up to 19% of patients with a chronic form of the cardiorenal syndrome. An independent association was observed between the development of acute or type 4 cardiorenal syndrome and mortality, the acute form having the worst prognosis.