Li W, et al. - In this retrospective study, researchers analyzed the clinical and microbiological characteristics of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK; a severe and vision-threatening infection of the cornea) related to contact lens use in a tertiary hospital in China. They reviewed the medical outcomes of 61 cases of AK related to contact lens use from January 2000 to December 2017. Data included were patients’ demographics, lens type, history, risk factors, disease stages, corneal scraping and culture reports, and treatments. In addition, genotypic identification of some of the isolates was performed with a PCR assay and sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal DNA gene. Participants in the study were 61 patients (64 eyes). According to findings, orthokeratology was associated with more than two-thirds of the cases. Examinations with Giemsa-stained smears, 0.9% NaCl wet mounts and confocal microscopy should be performed for individuals who are highly suspected of early-stage AK to assist with early diagnosis. The rate of therapeutic keratoplasty after 2005 was less than that before 2005 in the orthokeratology group.