Koshi T, et al. – Researchers evaluated 25,109 non-diabetic study participants free of chronic kidney disease (CKD) for a mean period of 5.3 years to compare the effect of elevated HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels on CKD. They diagnosed prediabetes using the ADA and WHO criteria, and CKD by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m² and/or dipstick proteinuria. Sex, age, insulin sensitivity, systolic blood pressure, eGFR, and serum alanine aminotransferase level were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards model. They observed high levels of HbA1c but not FPG as an independent risk factor in CKD with an adjusted hazard ratio for HbA1c 1% and FPG 1 mmol/L, 1.91 and 0.85 respectively.