Airagnes G, Lemogne C, Kab S, et al. - Using the French population-based CONSTANCES cohort, researchers analyzed 31,077 employed enrollees to assess the link between effort–reward imbalance and incident long-term benzodiazepine use (LTBU). The participants had not undergone LTBU in the 2 years prior to enrolment. Experts used drug reimbursement administrative databases to assess LTBU. They calculated effort–reward imbalance in quartiles. A 2-year follow-up was carried out to calculate ORs (95% CIs) for LTBU according to effort–reward imbalance. Univariable analysis revealed a link between effort–reward imbalance and subsequent LTBU, with ORs of 1.79 (95% CI: 1.23-2.62) and 2.73 (95% CI: 1.89-3.95) for the third and fourth quartiles, respectively, compared with the first quartile. After adjustment for sociodemographic and health-related factors, effort–reward imbalance was found to be associated with incident LTBU during a 2-year observation period. Therefore, systematizing screening and prevention of the risk of LTBU was recommended for people experiencing effort–reward imbalance, with smokers warranting special attention.