Alpay A, et al. - In preterm infants, researchers conducted this prospective observational study to determine the impacts and side effects of topical application of phenylephrine 2.5% and tropicamide 0.5% combination. They prospectively observed 60 infants undergoing retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) screening. Before and after up to 24 h during ROP screening examinations, pupillary diameter, blood pressure, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored. For both eyes, the mean pupillary diameter 1 h after the instillation of drops was 5.58 ± 0.75 mm. For retinopathy of prematurity screening, the phenylephrine 2.5% plus tropicamide 0.5% drop is effective and safe as mydriatic combination. The side effects of mydriatic drops may be more common in infants with an additional systemic disease like respiratory distress syndrome. It is necessary to keep these babies under close observation.