Goyal V, Grimwood K, Ware RS, et al. - In this multicentre, three-arm, parallel, double-dummy, double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial, researchers investigated whether a superior symptom resolution can be achieved by day 14 of treatment with oral amoxicillin–clavulanate and azithromycin each vs placebo in children (aged 1–18 years) with non-severe exacerbations of bronchiectasis. This study was undertaken at four paediatric centres in Australia and New Zealand. At exacerbation onset, participants were assigned (1:1:1) to receive oral suspensions of amoxicillin–clavulanate (45 mg/kg per day) plus placebo azithromycin, azithromycin (5 mg/kg per day) plus placebo amoxicillin–clavulanate, or both placebos for 14 days. In the amoxicillin–clavulanate group, azithromycin group, and in the placebo group, the resolution of exacerbations by day 14 was reported in 41 (65%), 41 (61%), and 29 (43%) children, respectively. In the amoxicillin–clavulanate group and in the azithromycin group, the relative risk for resolution by day 14 as compared with placebo, was 1·50 and 1·41, respectively. With regard to the resolution of non-severe exacerbations of bronchiectasis in children, the benefit of amoxicillin–clavulanate treatment was evident in this study. Amoxicillin–clavulanate treatment was recommended to continue to be the first-line oral antibiotic in this setting.