Kloecker DE, et al. - In people with type 2 diabetes mellitus, researchers systematically reviewed and quantified the weight loss achieved via adherence to low- and very-low-energy diets. Eligible studies (44; n=3,817) included reported on the effects of diet-only interventions up to 1,600 kcal/day in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Changes in primary outcomes (body weight and body mass index) and secondary outcomes (HbA1c, blood lipids) were modelled using restricted cubic splines based on energy restriction and diet duration. The overall quality of the evidence was moderate and limited to short-term interventions up to 4 months. The investigators did not identify any clear patterns for secondary outcomes. For primary outcomes, publication bias was significant. They concluded that high-quality studies involving people with type 2 diabetes are needed to support evidence-based low- and very-low energy prescription. Nonetheless, they did find evidence to suggest a variable reduction in body weight, ranging from 2% to 18%, after 3 months of adherence to low- and very-low-energy diets.