Yin Y, Shi Y, Cui T, et al. - This multicenter, prospective, randomized, open-label, blinded-endpoint, controlled trial was conducted to assess the efficacy as well as the safety of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) as a prophylactic against fistula restenosis in Chinese hemodialysis patients. From 10 centers in China, 161 hemodialysis patients with fistula dysfunction were selected. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 to treatment with initial dilation following DCB or only plain high-pressure balloon (HPB) angioplasty. According to the findings, DCB treatment vs conventional HPB angioplasty conferred superior primary patency, defined using peak systolic velocity ratio assessed at 6 months, as well as superior intervention-free survival of both the target lesion and the target shunt at 12 months with no evidence for greater adverse events.