Lu Y, et al. - In order to determine the influence of exercise on muscle fitness, including muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance, in patients on dialysis, researchers analyzed evidence from the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified from 5 English and 4 Chinese databases searched from inception to July 2018. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, 21 RCTs in total meeting the inclusion criteria were included. They found that muscle mass and muscle strength of patients undergoing dialysis may be improved via regular resistance training with a moderate to high intensity. Such an effect may particularly be seen for the trained muscles. Also, improved physical performance may be achieved in these patients with the help of both aerobic training and resistance training.