He Z, Hou H, Zhang D, et al. - Researchers compared mortality between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, using multivariate Cox regression analysis, in this retrospective cohort study of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients who initiated renal replacement therapy from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2017 in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. Better survival was experienced by PD patients vs HD patients, although the difference was not statistically significant. Better overall survival with PD vs HD was observed in younger ESRD patients (≤60-year-old), whereas a lower risk of death was noted in relation to HD in older patients (> 70-year-old). In the younger subgroup, the identified risk factors of all-cause death were: female gender, age at dialysis start, cardiovascular disease, cholesterol, and HD, while PD was identified as a risk factor in the older subgroup. Overall, experts concluded that younger ESRD patients may be better treated with PD whereas HD may afford a better option for the older patients.