Takano T, Matsuda A, Ishizuka N, et al. - Whether a self-help workbook intervention would be an effective strategy for quality of life (QOL) and survival among cancer patients, was inquired in this randomized controlled trial. Participants included patients with breast, colorectal, gastric, and lung cancer undergoing outpatient chemotherapy. These patients were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 100) or control group (n = 100). The patients in the intervention group were provided workbooks originally made for this study, offered advice on how to cope with distress, and were asked to fill out questionnaires on the workbooks periodically. At baseline, at 12 weeks, and at 24 weeks, assessments of European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 were performed. Global Health Status / QOL scale was the primary endpoint. Findings demonstrated the feasibility of a self-help workbook intervention in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Although a limited impact of the intervention was observed, findings of a post-hoc subset analysis indicated that improvement in emotional functioning, in patients who received long-term cytotoxic chemotherapy, may be conferred by the intervention.