Nishijima T, Kawana K, Fukasawa I, et al. - Researchers conducted a nationwide retrospective study in Japan in order to determine the effectiveness and tolerability of oral amoxicillin and ampicillin as alternatives to injectable benzathine penicillin G for treating pregnant women with syphilis and preventing congenital syphilis (CS). Eighty pregnant women with active syphilis, who underwent treatment with amoxicillin or ampicillin, during 2010–2018 were assessed. Among these, 21% (15/71) had pregnancies resulting in CS cases, and 3.8% (3/80) had a change in therapies because of side effects. Findings suggest oral amoxicillin as potentially ineffective for preventing CS cases among pregnant women with late syphilis but it was identified potentially effective in those with early syphilis.