Nytrøen K, et al. - In this multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial, researchers investigated if high-intensity interval training (HIT) could begin early following heart transplantation (HTx) and if it could be beneficial in terms of exercise capacity and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Participants were 81 patients, at a mean 11 weeks (range 7- 16) following a HTx, with mean (±SD) age 49 (± 13) years, with 73% being men. Overall 96% of patients completed the study. In a randomized manner (1:1), participants underwent either nine months of HIT (4x4-min intervals at 85-95% of peak effort) or moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) (60-80% of peak effort). Findings revealed the safety as well as the efficiency of HIT in de novo HTx recipients. A clinically significantly greater change in exercise capacity, based on the VO_2peak values (25% vs 15%), the anaerobic threshold, the peak expiratory flow, and muscular exercise capacity, was evident with HIT vs MICT.