Luís MSF, Bultink IEM, da Silva JAP, et al. - This retrospective cohort analysis was undertaken to determine the factors that could predict complete renal response (CRR) as well as renal flares among SLE patients with active proliferative LN. In this study over 36 months, 104 patients [81.7% female, mean (s.d.) age at baseline 32.0 (13.3) years] with biopsy-proven proliferative LN (class III/IV) were included. CRR was independently predicted by factors such as proteinuria < 2 g/day at baseline and 3 months following initiation of induction therapy. Identified independent predictors of renal flares included age up to 25 years at time of LN diagnosis and positive anti-RNP. Overall, findings revealed that prediction of CRR, as well as of renal flares once CRR is achieved, is enabled by factors evaluated at baseline and 3 months from initiating induction treatment in patients with SLE and proliferative LN.