Cheng L, Tang YQ, Yi J, et al. - Researchers examined anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies-associated vasculitis (AAV) patients with serum creatinine ≥ 500 μmol/L who received therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) or double-filtration plasmapheresis (DFPP) treatment, to perform a comparison between TPE and DFPP in terms of the alterations of clinical parameters prior to and following plasmapheresis, the rates of adverse events during plasmapheresis, as well as kidney and patient survival during follow-up. Experts found that TPE and DFPP did not differ significantly in terms of the changes of renal function or other laboratory findings post-treatment. Follow-up revealed no variation between the groups concerning the level of serum creatinine for patients with kidney recovery. The hazard ratio (HR) for TPE vs DFPP for the outcome of end-stage kidney disease was estimated to be 0.92 and the HR for mortality was identified to be 1.11. Overall, in terms of short-term effectiveness, safety, or long-term results, the 2 modalities of plasmapheresis did not differ. As per observations, DFPP may afford an option of plasmapheresis for AAV patients suffering from severe kidney injury particularly in countries and areas with limited blood resources.