Kintu K, Malaba TR, Nakibuka J, et al. - In this randomized, open-label trial, DolPHIN-2, virological suppression was investigated before giving birth among pregnant women in South Africa and Uganda (aged at least 18 years) with untreated but confirmed HIV infection in correlation with initiating dolutegravir vs efavirenz during the third trimester. Random assignment of 268 mothers to dolutegravir (135) or efavirenz (133) was done. The median duration of maternal therapy at birth was 55 days. The groups did not differ in births less than 37 weeks and less than 34 weeks gestation. In the dolutegravir group, all the three infant HIV infections were detected, which were considered likely to be in-utero transmissions. Based on the gained data, they suggest revising WHO guidelines recommending the transition to dolutegravir in first-line ART for all adults, irrespective of pregnancy or child-bearing potential.