Fauque P, De Mouzon J, Devaux A, et al. - Researchers here examined if the risk of congenital anomalies is higher in singletons in correlation with IVF, IUI or female infertility (ie endometriosis, polycystic ovary syndrome [PCOS] and primary ovarian insufficiency [POI]). They used data from the French National Health System database to perform a comparative analysis of all singleton births (deliveries ≥ 22 weeks of gestation and/or > 500 g of birthweight) in France over a 5-year period (2013–2017) resulting from fresh embryo or frozen embryo transfer (fresh-ET or FET from IVF/ICSI cycles), IUI and natural conception (NC). They assessed a total of 3,501,495 singleton births (3,417,089 from NC, 20,218 from IUI, 45,303 from fresh-ET and 18,885 from FET). In the assessed cohort of children, congenital malformations were prevalent in 3.78% after NC, 4.53% after fresh-ET, 4.39% after FET and 3.91% after IUI (132,646 children with major malformations). After multivariable adjustments, they identified no longer significant increased risks of congenital defects linked with IUI, however, the underlying maternal infertility was correlated with a potential emental risk, in addition to the risk linked with IVF.