Thysen AH, Waage J, Larsen JM, et al. - This study was attempted to discuss relationships between early immune competence and development of childhood asthma, researchers performed functional immune profiling of 186 parameters in blood of 541 18-month-old infants and explored associations between their response phenotype and development of transient or persistent disease at 6 years of age. An abnormal neutrophil-linked antiviral response was correlated with an enhanced risk of transient asthma. The evidence showed that the children who presented persistent asthma at year 6 displayed enhanced interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13 production in stimulated T cells at 18 months of age, which was correlated with early life bacterial colonization of the airways. These findings demonstrate the early presence of distinct immune symptoms in infants growing different asthma endotypes during childhood.