Wallace ZS, Fu X, Liao K, et al. - Lipid levels were evaluated in stored serum samples from the Rituximab for antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-Associated Vasculitis trial, to develop a sharper understanding of the relationship between variations in disease activity and lipid levels in associated vasculitis (AAV), which may notify CVD risk stratification in this population of the 142 patients. Various lipid levels improved between baseline and month 6, comprising total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein B. These variations were seen among newly diagnosed and PR3-ANCA–positive patients though not in those with a relapsing disease or myeloperoxidase-ANCA–positive patients. No difference in variation in lipid levels among rituximab-treated patients and cyclophosphamide-treated patients was noticed. Variations in lipid levels associated with alterations in the ESR although not with other inflammatory markers or glucocorticoid exposure. Thus, among patients with newly diagnosed AAV and those who were PR3-ANCA positive, lipid levels improved during remission induction. Moreover, when evaluating lipid profiles, to stratify CVD risk in patients with AAV, disease activity and ANCA type should be acknowledged.