Vahed SZ, et al. – The expression levels of four immune–related microRNAs (miRNAs) (miR–21, miR–31, miR–142–3p and miR–155) were examined in plasma samples of renal recipients. A possible association between altered expression of miR–21, miR–142–3p and miR–155 in plasma samples with renal dysfunction, was outlined. Altered expression of miR–21, miR–142–3p and miR–155 could be used for graft monitoring.