Parad RB, Breeze JL, Terrin N, et al. - A longitudinal cohort study of neonates born at 24–29-week gestation was performed to describe risk factors/biomarkers linked with their short-term (bronchopulmonary dysplasia [BPD]) (supplemental oxygen use at 36 weeks postmenstrual age [PMA]) and longer-term (chronic respiratory morbidity [CRM]) (respiratory related symptoms, medications, medical/emergency visits, hospitalizations at 6–12 months corrected gestational age [CGA]) respiratory outcomes.

• Ninety-four percent of 86 neonates survived.

• Outcomes for both BPD and CRM were available for 54 infants; 41% of these had discordant diagnoses.

• There was correlation of BPD with lower birthweight and birthweight Z-score for GA, lower Apgar scores, more surfactant doses, higher SNAPPE-II scores, highest Day 1 inspired oxygen concentration, Day 7 oxygen use, prolonged ventilatory support, bacteremia, necrotizing enterocolitis, and treated patent ductus arteriosus.

• Correlation of CRM was observed with lower Apgar scores, Day 7 oxygen use and higher urine vascular endothelial growth factor.

• The two outcomes differed in patterns of plasma and urine lipid oxidation products.

• Overall different risk factors/biomarkers were noted to be associated with BPD and CRM and these two outcomes had weak agreement.