Saydy N, et al. – Researchers here assessed the risk factors for acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients ≤60 years of age undergoing cardiac surgery, and to compare these risk factors with those identified in patients ≥65 years of age. Both groups indicated higher degrees of post–operative increase in serum creatinine in relation to body mass index, peripheral vascular disease, pre–operative use of diuretics, lower pre–operative hemoglobin, pre–operative intra–aortic balloon pump, urgent or emergent status, long cardiopulmonary bypass time, and hemofiltration. In younger patients, a higher increase in serum creatinine seemed associated with diabetes, and previous cardiac surgery, while female sex seemed associated with a lower degree of increase in serum creatinune. In older patients, a higher increase in serum creatinine was associated with age, hypertension, smoking and lower left ventricular left ejection fraction. Importantly, both groups indicated potentially modifiable risk factors.