Konishi K, et al. - In this prospective cohort study, researchers analyzed 13,521 inhabitants (35–69 years old) of Takayama City, Japan, to assess the risk of diabetes in relation to the intake of soy foods, soy protein, and soy isoflavones. Men and women had mean ± SD body mass index measures of 22.6 ± 2.6 kg/m² and 22.1 ± 2.7 kg/m², respectively. Physician-diagnosed diabetes was present in 438 participants during a 10-year follow-up period. After controlling for covariates, significantly lower HRs were reported for women in the highest tertile of intakes of total soy foods, fried soy foods, nonfried soy foods, soy protein, and soy isoflavone compared with those with the lowest intakes. No significant links between soy consumption and diabetes risk were found in men. Overall, a lower risk of diabetes may be observed in relation to a high soy intake in Japanese women.