Farhangi MA, et al. - Researchers determined the association of metabolic risk factors and adiponectin with dietary diversity score (DDS) in patients with metabolic syndrome. In top quartiles of DDS, the presence of lower serum triglyceride and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and higher serum adiponectin concentrations clarified the possible preventive role of higher DDS against metabolic syndrome.

Methods

• Study included 160 patients with metabolic syndrome
• Anthropometric parameters, including weight, height, waist circumference and hip circumference were measured.
• Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method (ELISA), serum adiponectin concentration was measured.
• Enzymatic colorimetric methods were used to measure lipid profile and fasting serum glucose concentrations (FSG).
• Blood pressure was measured.
• Using the data obtained from food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), DDS was calculated.

Results

• Significantly lower energy and fiber intake was observed in subjects in lower DDS categories; Patients in the highest quartile had significantly higher mean protein intake than those in the second quartile.
• In the top quartiles, the incidence of obesity was higher (P < 0.001).
• Subjects in the lower quartiles vs those in higher DDS categorizes (P < 0.05) had higher serum triglyceride concentrations and SBP values and lower serum adiponectin concentrations.
• Significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome components was seen among patients in lower DDS quartiles (P < 0.05).