Miyamae Y, et al. - In this study, investigators evaluated 1374 subjects to assess the sensitivity and specificity of laboratory-based alpha-defensin in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) in participants with a systemic inflammatory disease in revision total hip/knee arthroplasty. They observed the sensitivity of 93%, a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 100%, a negative predictive value (NPV) of 96%, and an accuracy of 97% for diagnosing PJI in the alpha-defensin test.