Kelly HA, Chikandiwa A, Sawadogo B, et al. - Researchers aimed at determining the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of different cervical cancer strategies in WLHIV in sub-Saharan Africa. They performed a prospective evaluation study of visual inspection using acetic acid (VIA) or visual inspection using Lugol’s iodine (VILI), high-risk human papillomavirus DNA test (Hybrid Capture 2 [HC2] or careHPV), and cytology for histology-verified high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2+/CIN3+) at baseline and endline, a median 16 months later, by enrolling WLHIV aged 25–50 years attending HIV treatment centres in Burkina Faso (BF) and South Africa (SA). Cervical cancer screening strategies were evaluated in over 1,200 WLHIV. A greater number of women with precancer were identified using an HPV DNA test compared with visual inspection and cytology methods. However, a positive HPV DNA test was observed for a greater proportion of women without precancer, suggesting the necessity for a triage test using cytology or visual inspection to determine treatment eligibility. There were fewer women without precancer testing positive and fewer women needing triage after simple user-applied modifications to the HPV-DNA-based test. Based on findings, cervical cytology was suggested to be a valuable triage test for HPV-positive women in settings with adequate infrastructure.