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Depression moderates the relationships between hallucinations, delusions, and suicidal ideation: The cumulative effect of experiencing both hallucinations and delusions

Journal of Psychiatric Research Jun 22, 2019

Bornheimer LA, et al. - Researchers investigated how depression influences associations between three categories of psychotic symptoms (experiencing only hallucinations, only delusions, and both hallucinations and delusions) and suicidal ideation. From the cross-sectional Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Surveys, which include large general population-based samples of households in the United States, they examined data of 12,195 people using Structural Equation Modeling in Mplus 8. Criteria for major depression was met by roughly 19% of the sample and the experience of suicidal ideation was reported in 13%. A diagnosis of schizophrenia and/or a psychotic disorder was reported for 16% of the sample. As per findings, individuals who experience hallucinations or delusions are at high-risk for ideation. Among cases who experience both hallucinations and delusions, there is a cumulative effect, most harmful in terms of the likelihood of experiencing suicidal ideation, especially observed among those who were depressed. They emphasize assessing risk factors for suicidal ideation, given its relationship to the potential of suicide attempt and/or completion.

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