Ballegaard V, et al. - Researchers investigated how immunity against cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HIV-specific variables are associated with neurocognitive impairment (NCI) among people living with HIV (PLWHIV) on stable combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and with low comorbidity. They tested 52 PLWHIV on stable cART and 31 HIV-uninfected controls matched on age, sex, education, and comorbidity with a neurocognitive test battery. Measurement of CMV-immunoglobulin G (CMV-IgG) levels was also performed among participants. Findings revealed a higher risk of NCI among PLWHIV. CMV-specific CD4+ T-cell responses and CMV-IgG could be related to this excess risk, since higher CMV-specific CD4⁺ T-cell responses increased the probability of NCI.