Alves JM, Zink J, Chow T, et al. - In this study, the researchers investigated how prenatal exposures to maternal obesity and/or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and childhood lifestyle factors contribute independently to child insulin sensitivity. Ninety children between the ages of 7 and 11 (56% girls, 60% exposed to GDM), born in Kaiser-Permanente Southern California, completed an oral glucose tolerance test as part of the BrainChild Study. In order to estimate insulin sensitivity, Matsuda insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was used. Candidates completed two 24-hour dietary recalls and measured daily energy intake (EI), dietary added sugar, and total sugar. Findings suggested no association of time spent sedentary, maternal prepregnancy BMI, GDM exposure, dietary added sugar, total sugar, and EI with ISI. At this age, physical activity was the only predictor of ISI, implying that engaging in physical activity during childhood is beneficial for insulin sensitivity and may improve future metabolic disease risks.